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Vici syndrome, also called immunodeficiency with cleft lip/palate, cataract, hypopigmentation and absent corpus callosum, is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by albinism, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, immunodeficiency, and recurrent severe infections. == Genetics == Vici syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.〔 This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually do not experience any signs or symptoms of the disorder. The hypothesis of autosomal recessive inheritance of Vici syndrome was strengthened in 2002 with the clinical description of two new cases, one brother and one sister, by Chiyonobu et al.〔Chiyonobu T, Yoshihara T, Fukushima Y, Yamamoto Y, Tsunamoto K et al. (2002) Sister and brother with Vici syndrome: agenesis of the corpus callosum, albinism, and recurrent infections. American journal of medical genetics 109(1): 61-66.〕 Vici syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene EPG5 (OMIM # 615068), which encodes an important regulator of the autophagy pathway, the ectopic P-granules autophagy protein 5, involved in the formation of lysosomes. EPG5 is the human homolog of the C.elegans epg5 gene. The gene EPG5 has been cloned for the first time by Nagase et al. by sequencing clones obtained from a size-fractionated fetal brain cDNA library, and was initially named KIAA1632.〔Nagase T, Kikuno R, Nakayama M, Hirosawa M, Ohara O (2000) Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XVIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. DNA Res 7(4): 273-281.〕 The EPG5 human gene is located on chromosome 18q12.3, has a length of 119,67Kb (NC_000018.10), consists of 44 exons and is transcriptionally driven from the centromere toward the telomere. The messenger RNA (mRNA) is 12633bp long (NM_020964.2) and contains a CDS of 7740 bp translated into a protein sequence of 2579 amino acids (NP_066015.2) with a molecular weight of 280kDa, presumed. The protein EPG5 is expressed primarily in the central nervous system (CNS), skeletal muscle, heart, thymus, cells of the immune system, lungs and kidneys.〔Cullup T, Kho AL, Dionisi-Vici C, Brandmeier B, Smith F et al. (2013) Recessive mutations in EPG5 cause Vici syndrome, a multisystem disorder with defective autophagy. Nature genetics 45(1): 83-87〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vici syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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